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Harrison is a city in Boone County, Arkansas, United States. It is the county seat. It named after General M. LaRue Harrison, a surveyor that laid out the city along Crooked Creek at Stifler Springs.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url=http://www.cityofharrison.com/upe_view.php?id=33&PHPSESSID=9f49128f7d35569cf7557e9813c9f1b6 )〕 According to 2012 Census Bureau estimates, the population of the city was 13,163,〔http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/05/0530460.html〕 up from 12,943 at the 2010 census.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Harrison city, Arkansas )〕 Harrison is the principal city of the Harrison Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of Boone and Newton counties. ==History== Boone County was organized in 1869, during Reconstruction after the Civil War. Harrison was platted and made the county seat. It is named after L. LaRue Harrison, a Union officer who surveyed and platted the town. Native Americans were the first inhabitants of the area, the first probably being cliff dwellers who lived in caves in the bluffs along the rivers. In later times, the Osage, a branch of the Sioux, was the main tribe in the Ozarks, and one of their larger villages is thought to have been to the east of the present site of Harrison. The Shawnee, Quapaw, and Caddo people were also familiar to the area. The Cherokee arrived around 1816 and did not get along with the Osage. This hostility erupted into a full-scale war in the Ozark Mountains. By the 1830s both tribes were removed to Indian Territory. It is possible that the first white men to visit the area were some forty followers of Hernando de Soto and that they camped at a Native village on the White River at the mouth of Bear Creek. It is more likely that the discoverers were French hunters or trappers who followed the course of the White River. In early 1857, the Baker-Fancher wagon train assembled at Beller's Stand, south of Harrison. On September 11, 1857, approximately 120 members of this wagon train were murdered near Mountain Meadows, Utah Territory, by attacking local Mormon militia and members of the Paiute Indian tribe. In 1955, a monument to memorialize the victims of the massacre was placed on the Harrison town square. The town of Harrison was incorporated on March 1, 1876. In 1905 and 1909, citizens drove nearly all of the then unemployed railroad men, who were mostly African-American out of Harrison, purportedly to curb crime. These events were the subject of an ''Independent Lens'' program entitled "Banished" on PBS in 2008.〔http://www.pbs.org/independentlens/banished/harrison.html PBS Independent Lens〕 The Boone County Courthouse, built in 1909, and the Boone County Jail, built in 1914, were both designed by architect Charles L. Thompson and are listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places. The notorious bank robber and convicted murderer Henry Starr met his fate in Harrison on February 18, 1921, when Starr and three companions entered the People's State Bank and robbed it of $6000.00. During the robbery, Starr was shot by the former president of the bank, William J. Myers. Starr was carried to the town jail, where he died the next morning. The Harrison Police Department has had two officers killed in the line of duty, both by gunfire and within a year of one another. The first was officer Ed Williams, killed on a disturbance call on May 25, 1934. The second was Chief of Police Burr Robertson, killed while arresting a murder suspect at the railroad station on March 27, 1935. On May 7, 1961, heavy rain caused Crooked Creek, immediately south of the downtown business district, to flood the town square and much of the southwestern part of the city. Water levels inside buildings reached eight feet. Many small buildings and automobiles were swept away. According to the American Red Cross, four lives were lost, 80 percent of the town's business district was destroyed, and over 300 buildings were damaged or destroyed in losses exceeding $5.4 million. Thomas Robb, national director of the Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, maintains his office near Harrison in the outlying town of Zinc and uses a Harrison mailing address for the organization.〔http://www.katv.com/story/20592410/harrison-mayor-outraged-over-negative-publicity-received-from-kkk〕 Combined with the history of the 1905 and 1909 banishment of unemployed, former railroad workers, this incidental connection to the KKK has given the town a negative image which it has taken active steps to combat in recent years.〔http://www.fox16.com/news/story/Ark-town-known-for-ties-to-KKK-tries-to-rebrand/u3XcBKX69UWO4D3kZcPnpQ.cspx〕 In 2013, a billboard appeared that read: "Anti-Racist is a Code Word for Anti-White." In response, a local radio station removed its nearby billboard, and students from North Arkansas College passed out fliers calling for a protest of the sign. An official statement read: "The mayor’s office considers the content inflammatory, distasteful and not in line with the truth on how Harrison is a city of welcoming and tolerant citizens." 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Harrison, Arkansas」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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